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| - | | ДАТА СОЗДАНИЯ =3.08.2012
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| - | {{Персона
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| - | |имя =
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| - | |оригинал имени = Constantin Karadja
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| - | |портрет = Prince C Karadja 1916.jpg
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| - | |описание = Князь Константин Караджа в 1916 году
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| - | |род деятельности = Румынский дипломат, писатель, праведник мира
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| - | |дата рождения = 24.11.1889
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| - | |гражданство = Румыния
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| - | |дата смерти = 28.12.1950
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| - | |место смерти = [[Бухарест]]
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| - | Prince '''Constantin Jean Lars Anthony Démétrius Karadja'''<ref>Rangabé</ref> (November 24, 1889, [[The Hague]] – December 28, 1950, [[Bucharest]]) was a [[Romania]]n diplomat, jurist, bibliographer, [[bibliophile]] and honorific member (1946) of the [[Romanian Academy]]. He descends from a highly aristocratic family with [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] roots of [[Constantinople]] with rulers of [[Wallachia]] in the 18th and 19th century.
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| - | ==Family and issues==
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| - | Constantin is the son of Prince [[Jean Karadja Pasha]] (1835-1894) and Marie Louise Smith of Sweden, aka Princess [[Mary Karadja]] (1868-1943). In 1920 Constantin married a relative Princess [[Marcela Elena Caradja]] (1896-1971) of Romania. They had two children:
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| - | * Prince [[Jean Aristide Constantin Georges Caradja]] (1917-93), married with [[Minna Frieda Auguste Starke]] (1911-92).
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| - | * Princess [[Marie-Marcelle Nadèje Karadja]] (1919-2006).
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| - | ==Education and studies==
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| - | [[Barrister]] at law in [[England]] with studies at [[Framlingham College]] <ref>http://www.oldframlinghamian.com/images/articles/PRINCECONSTANTINKARADJA1906-08.pdf</ref> and [[London]]<ref>[http://www.innertemple.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6&Itemid=15&limitstart=2 The Inner Temple]</ref>, he spoke English, French, German, Romanian, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian, as well as Latin and Greek. Being a European by education, Constantin Karadja married and established himself in Romania (1916). He was naturalized and joined the diplomatic service in 1920, serving Romania in missions as consul in [[Budapest]] (1921-1922), consul general in [[Stockholm]] (1928-1930) and [[Berlin]] (1931-1941). With additional solid competences in economics, he also worked as a counsel in the Ministry of Finances, and participated 1927 as chief of the Romanian delegation to the International Economic Conference in [[Geneva]]. He composed a diplomatic and consular manual.
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| - | == Bibliographical, bibliophile and historic activities ==
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| - | Being a passionate bibliophile and collector, Constantin Karadja founded one of the most important collections of old and rare books in South-East Europe, which nowadays can be found partially in the [[National Library of Romania|National Library]] and the Romanian Academy in Bucharest.<ref name="GB">Gheorghe Buluţă, "Bibliologi români-Constantin I.Karadja", Revista Bibliotecii Naţionale</ref> Being accredited as consul general in Berlin and in parallel to his diplomatic activities, he continued his research concerning [[incunable|incunabula]], realizing in this period the “List of incunabulum on the Romanian territory”.<ref name="DS">Dan Simonescu, "Un mare bibliolog român: Constantin I. Karadja", in Analele Universitaţii Bucureşti, Limba şi literatura română“, 1971</ref><ref>Elena Maria Schatz, "Incunabule din judeţul Mureş între lista lui Constantin Karadja şi... „Librăria“ (Târgu Mureş) Nr.1, pp. 64–70, 2002</ref> He published important works regarding the ancient history of Romania. Using unknown sources discovered by his own research activities, he released in 1934 his famous work entitled “The oldest sources published on Romanian history”.<ref>Constantin I. Karadja, "Die ältesten gedruckten Quellen zur Geschichte der Rumänen", [[Gutenberg-Jahrbuch]] 1934</ref> In 1940 he also presented to the Romanian Academy the first mentions of [[Dacia]] and the Romanians discovered in two incunabula from 1454 and 1472. More than half of the numerous scientific articles of Constantin Karadja were published in the three journals of [[Nicolae Iorga]].<ref name="GB"/><ref name="DS"/> As a result of his activity as bibliographer and researcher, he was admitted as honorific member of the Romanian Academy on the 3 June 1946. His letter of recommendation was signed by eighteen notable academicians, including [[Ion Nistor]], [[Alexandru Lapedatu]], [[Dimitrie Pompeiu]], [[Gheorghe Spacu]], [[Emil Racoviţă]], [[Iorgu Iordan]], [[Constantin Ion Parhon]], [[Nicolae Bănescu]], [[Constantin Rădulescu-Motru]], [[Ştefan Ciobanu]], [[Radu R. Rosetti]], and [[Silviu Dragomir]].<ref>I. Calafeteanu, [http://www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi2001/current1/mi21.htm "Constantin I. Karadja- biografia unui nedreptăţit“]</ref> He was removed from the Academy by the [[Communist Romania|communist regime]] two years later, in 1948. After the [[Romanian Revolution of 1989]], he was re-established in 1990.<ref> Petre Popescu Gogan: „Memento!“-in „MEMORIA gândirii arestate“ (nr.741) http://revista.memoria.ro/?location=view_article&id=351</ref>
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| - | ==Diplomatic activity==
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| - | Influenced by his humanistic and juridical education, Constantin Karadja constantly followed the principles of [[international law]] respecting [[human rights]]. He did not cede in front of political pressures, “doctrines” en vogue or potential “opportunities”, but engaged himself with perseverance in the protection of the rights of Romanian citizens living abroad, regardless of ethnicity or religion. As the Romanian consul general in Berlin (1931-1941) and the director of the consular department of the Romanian Foreign Ministry (15 June 1941–17 October 1944), “in both functions, during one and a half decades, Karadja developed an intense activity in order to save [[History of the Jews in Romania|Romanian Jews]] surprised by the war in the kingdom of death”. “Tens of thousands owe their lives to his exceptional persistency, abnegation, determination and amplitude marking his long-term engagement in favour of the Romanian Jews stranded under the [[Nazi]] regime."<ref>Petre Iancu, [http://www.dilemaveche.ro/sectiune/din-polul-plus/articol/drept-intre-popoare "Drept între Popoare"], Dilema Veche, nr. 90, October 7, 2005</ref> Shortly after his dismissal on October 17, 1944, he was re-appointed by the new foreign minister, [[Constantin Vişoianu]]. On September 1, 1947 he was dismissed again from the ministry, this time permanently. This was one of the last measures taken by minister [[Gheorghe Tătărescu]], who one month later, was himself forced to leave his post to [[Ana Pauker]].<ref> Dr. I.Calafeteanu : „Constantin I.Karadja- biografia unui nedreptăţit“ http://www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi2001/current1/mi21.htm</ref> Subsequently, the payment of Karadja's pension was refused. In an atmosphere of incertitude and menace, he died on December 29, 1950.
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| - | ==Posthumous recognition==
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| - | On 15 September 2005, Constantin Karadja received from the institute [[Yad Vashem]] in [[Jerusalem]] posthumously the title “[[Righteous Among the Nations]]” during a ceremony in the Israeli embassy in Berlin and in presence of the Romanian ambassador. His diplomatic efforts have been presented in detail on the basis of numerous letters, memos, reports etc. which he sent to his superiors inclusively to [[Mihai Antonescu]]. These documents can be found in the archive of the Romanian foreign ministry and the [[United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|Holocaust Museum]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] They are the means by which Karadja saved over 51,000 persons from deportation and extermination—[[Jew]]s (men, women and children) from parts of [[Europe]] dominated by the Nazis, especially from [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Hungary]], but also from [[Greece]] and [[Italy]] (November 1943–July 1944).<ref>[http://nlarchiv.israel.de/2005_html/09/Newsletter%20vom%202005-09-15a.htm "Gerechte unter den Völkern: Yad Vashem-Ehrungen in Berlin"], Newsletter from Israel Diplomatic Network, September 15, 2005</ref><ref>The Israeli Government's Official Website http://berlin.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?DocumentID=83056&MissionID=88</ref><ref>Righteous Among the Nations - Romania http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Righteous_Among_the_Nations_by_country#Romania_.28Total:_53.29</ref><ref> 1940-1944 Cetaţeni români cu steaua lui David în Europa lui Hitler Nicoleta Ionescu-Gura http://www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi2000/current11/mi45.htm</ref><ref>Pascal Ilie Virgil, [http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/historicalromanianstudies/karadja.htm&date=2009-10-26+00:02:29 "The Diplomat Constantin Karadja, Romanian [[Raoul Wallenberg|Wallenberg]]"], ''[[România Liberă]]'', November 8, 1994</ref><ref> Rettungen durch Diplomaten im Zweiten Weltkrieg (pdf) von David Rosenfeld und Vivianne Schnurbusch (February 27, 2007 Opening of the exhibit „Diplomats of Mercy“ New York, USA) [http://www.zukunft-braucht-erinnerung.de/nachkriegsdeutschland/gedenkkulturen/567-gibt-es-unter-den-diplomaten-nur-zwanzig-judenretter.html "Gibt es unter den Diplomaten nur zwanzig Judenretter?"]
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| - | </ref>
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| - | == См. также ==
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| - | * [[Индивидуальная и групповая помощь евреям во время Холокоста]]
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| - | * [[Валленберг, Рауль|Рауль Валленберг]]
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| - | * [[Сампайо Гарриду, Карлуш]]
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| - | * [[Мендеш, Аристид де Суша]]
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| - | * [[Сугихара, Тиунэ|Тиунэ Сугихара]]
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| - | * [[Атанасов, Боян|Боян Атанасов]]
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| - | == Литература ==
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| - | * Eugène Rizo Rangabé, ''Livre d'Or de la Noblesse Phanariote et de Familles Princières de Valachie et de Moldavie'', Athens, 1892
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| - | * Constantin I. Karadja: „Incunabule povestind despre cruzimile lui Vlad Ţepes“ Cluj, Cartea Românească 1931, în volumul „Inchinare lui Nicolae Iorga cu prilejul împlinirii vârstei de 60 ani“
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| - | * Constantin I. Karadja: „Alte Bibliotheken der Siebenbürger Sachsen und ihre Wiegendrucke“, Gutenberg-Jahrbuch, 1941, p.196-207.
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| - | == Источники и ссылки ==
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| - | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantin_Karadja Статья "Constantin Karadja" из английского раздела Википедии]
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| - | == Примечания ==
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| - | {{reflist}}
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| - | [[Category:Праведники мира]]
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