История евреев в Шотландии

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Версия 12:52, 7 июля 2012

Тип статьи:	Регулярная статья
Автор статьи:	Л.Гроервейдл
Дата создания:	7/07/2012

was designed by Brian Wilton[1] for Chabad rabbi Mendel Jacobs of Glasgow and certified by the Scottish Tartans Authority.[2] The tartan's colors are blue, white, silver, red and gold. According to Jacobs: "The blue and white represent the colours of the Scottish and Israeli flags, with the central gold line representing the gold from the Biblical Tabernacle, the Ark of the Covenant and the many ceremonial vessels ... the silver is from the decorations that adorn the Scroll of Law and the red represents the traditional red Kiddush wine."[3]

Содержание 1 "Scots-Yiddish" 2 In popular culture 3 Jewish Community today 4 List of Scottish Jews 4.1 People of Scottish-Jewish extraction 5 См. также 6 Литература 7 Источники и ссылки

"Scots-Yiddish"

Scots Yiddish is the name given to a Jewish hybrid vernacular between Lowland Scots and Yiddish which had a brief currency in the Lowlands of Scotland in the first half of the 20th century. The Scottish literary historian David Daiches describes it in his autobiographical account of his Edinburgh Jewish childhood, Two Worlds.^[4]

Daiches explores the social stratification of Edinburgh Jewish society in the interwar period, noting what is effectively a class divide between two parts of the community, on the one hand a highly educated and well-integrated group who sought a synthesis of Orthodox Rabbinical and Modern Secular thinking, on the other a Yiddish-speaking group most comfortable maintaining the lifestyle of the Eastern European ghetto. The Yiddish population grew up in Scotland in the 19th century, but by the late 20th century had mostly switched to using English. The creolisation of Yiddish with Scots was therefore a phenomenon of the middle part of this period.

The Glaswegian Jewish poet A. C. Jacobs also refers to his language as Scots-Yiddish.^[5] There was even a case of a Jewish immigrant who settled in the Highlands who spoke no English and was only able to speak Gaelic and Yiddish.^[6]

In popular culture

• The Credit Draper – A novel by J.David Simons. A fictional account of a young Russian-Jewish refugee named Avram Escovitz growing up in the Gorbals in Glasgow before going to work as a credit draper in the Highlands. Also by the same author, The Liberation of Celia Kahn, a novel about a young Jewish woman from the Gorbals caught up in socialism and feminism in the early 20th century.
• The Fabulous Bagel Boys – A one off BBC television drama set in Glasgow's Jewish community, originally intended to be a series but after a lukewarm reception was not picked up.^[7]
• Rooms – A Rock Musical telling the story of a Glaswegian music act and its two members, a Glaswegian Jewish girl and her Catholic lover.^[8]

Jewish Community today

Today, all Jewish communities in Scotland are represented by the Scottish Council of Jewish Communities (SCoJeC)

List of Scottish Jews

Основная статья: List of Scottish Jews

Scottish people of some Jewish background, or Jewish people with a Scottish background:

• Ronni Ancona (Sephardi), comedienne^[9]
• Hazel Cosgrove, Lady Cosgrove^[10] first female Court of Session judge
• Ivor Cutler, musician, teacher and comedian
• Sir Monty Finniston, industrialist
• Hannah Frank, artist and sculptor
• Myer Galpern MP, Lord Provost of Glasgow
• Ralph Glasser, psychologist and economist
• Muriel Gray, author and presenter of The Tube
• Jeremy Isaacs, broadcaster
• Mark Knopfler, guitarist and vocalist (Glasgow born)
• Kevin MacDonald (director), Touching the Void
• Andrea McLean, GMTV Presenter (ethnically Russian-Jewish family who converted to Christianity)
• Isi Metzstein, architect
• Saul Metzstein, filmmaker
• Malcolm Rifkind, politician
• Jerry Sadowitz, controversial comedian and conjurer
• Benno Schotz, sculptor
• Manny Shinwell, politician
• Muriel Spark, novelist^[11]
• Harry Woolf, Baron Woolf, judge, brought up and educated in Scotland

People of Scottish-Jewish extraction

• Jack Black
• Neve Campbell
• Simon Cowell
• Robert Downey, Jr.
• David Duchovny
• Oscar Hammerstein II
• Country Joe McDonald
• Malcolm McLaren
• Phil Ochs
• Gavin Rossdale
• J.D. Salinger
• Alicia Silverstone, American actress, Scottish born Jewish parents (mother a convert).
• Isla Fisher, of Scottish extraction, but converted to Judaism as an adult.

Шаблон:History of the Jews in Europe

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См. также

• История евреев в Ирландии
• История евреев в Уэлсе
• История евреев в Англии
• Список выдающихся английских евреев

Литература

• Collins Dr. KE, Borowski E, and Granat L – Scotland's Jews – A Guide to the History and Community of the Jews in Scotland (2008)
• Levy, A – The Origins of Scottish Jewry
• Phillips, Abel – A History of the Origins of the First Jewish Community in Scotland: Edinburgh, 1816 (1979)
• Glasser, R – Growing Up in the Gorbals, Chatto & Windus (1986)
• Shinwell, Manny – Conflict Without Malice (1955) – autobiography
• Conn, A (editor) – Serving Their Country- Wartime Memories of Scottish Jews (2002)
• Kaplan, H L – Jewish Cemeteries in Scotland in Avotaynu, Vol.VII No 4, Winter 1991

Источники и ссылки

• Статья "History of the Jews in Scotland" в английском разделе Википедии
• Scottish Council of Jewish Communities
• The Jewish History Resource Center Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
• The Virtual Jewish History Tour – Scotland
• Jewish Encyclopedia on Scotland
• Edinburgh Hebrew Congregation
• Scottish Jewish Archives Centre
• Aberdeen Hebrew Congregation
• Jewish Year Book (JYB)
• Daiches, David (1956), Two Worlds, Cannnongate edition 1987, p. 119f, ISBN 0-86241-148-3 

Примечания